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托福聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練材料—六十秒科學(xué):睡眠和記憶

2014-03-13

托福聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練用什么材料好?科學(xué)美國(guó)人的六十秒科學(xué)(簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)SSS)是練習(xí)托福聽(tīng)力的利器材料,它短小精悍,僅僅有一分鐘的時(shí)間,語(yǔ)速也非???,里面包含了許多科學(xué)知識(shí)和實(shí)驗(yàn),和托福的“學(xué)術(shù)性”息息相關(guān),每天堅(jiān)持聽(tīng)寫(xiě)SSS,托福聽(tīng)力至少能提高5分!今天 環(huán)球托福楠楠老師要給大家?guī)?lái)的是一篇有關(guān)睡眠和記憶的文章。你是不是感覺(jué)自己總是記不住單詞?或者是單詞看著或是聽(tīng)著熟悉,就是怎么也想不起來(lái)它的中文意思呢?那么,也許環(huán)球托福楠楠老師幫你選的這篇托福聽(tīng)力材料能幫到你。

托福聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練材料:

Scientific American: Sixty- Second Science

Want to remember something? Sleep on it.

A recent study finds that the more we value a piece of information the more likely we'll review it during our sleep. And because we do that, we'll tend to remember it.

Participants were shown objects with different corresponding dollar amounts on a computer screen. If participants could remember that object later on a test, they were rewarded with the associated dollar amount. Objects were also accompanied by an associated sound, for instance a cat was accompanied by a “meow.”

After either a 90-minute nap or wake period subjects' memory for low-value objects was worse than for high-value objects.

In a second experiment associated sounds were played either when the subjects were awake or asleep, as a way to trigger the memory of the object.

Researchers found that low-value objects were better remembered when the associated sound was played during subjects' sleep as opposed to when they were awake.

The authors believe that during sleep is when we tend to go over the day's new information, so that is why they could manipulate the memory storage of lower-value objects during sleep time rather than wake time.

Gives new meaning to the term sound asleep.

聽(tīng)力材料釋義:科學(xué)六十秒:睡眠有助于記憶

想記住某些事情嗎?睡一覺(jué)再想吧。

一項(xiàng)近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),人們?cè)街匾暷硹l信息,就越有可能在睡覺(jué)時(shí)回顧這條信息。因?yàn)槿绱?,所以我們往往?huì)有它的記憶。

研究人員通過(guò)電腦屏幕向參與者展示金額不等的相應(yīng)物體。如果參與者能夠在稍后的測(cè)試中記住物體,那么就能獲得相關(guān)金額的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。這些物體出現(xiàn)時(shí)也會(huì)伴有相關(guān)的聲音,例如一只貓會(huì)伴有一聲貓叫。

不論是小睡90分鐘或者醒著,受試者對(duì)低價(jià)值物品的記憶要差于對(duì)高價(jià)值物品的記憶。

第二次實(shí)驗(yàn)中,為了觸發(fā)對(duì)物體的記憶,研究人員在受試者睡著或清醒時(shí)播放相關(guān)的聲音。

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)受試者睡著時(shí)播放相關(guān)聲音,他們對(duì)于低價(jià)值物品的記憶要好一些。

研究人員認(rèn)為正是在睡覺(jué)時(shí)間人們往往會(huì)回顧當(dāng)天接收的新信息,這就是為什么人們能夠在睡覺(jué)時(shí)更好地掌控對(duì)低價(jià)值物品的記憶存儲(chǔ)。

這又賦予“sound asleep(熟睡)”一個(gè)新的含義。

重點(diǎn)單詞:

重點(diǎn)單詞
音標(biāo)
中文解釋
storage
['st?r?d?]
n. 貯藏,存儲(chǔ),保管,保管費(fèi),倉(cāng)庫(kù),[計(jì)]存儲(chǔ)器Some of the space will at first be used for storage.一些空間將首先用于貯藏。
opposed
[?'p?uzd]
adj. 反對(duì)的,敵對(duì)的 v. ... 起沖突I am utterly opposed to any form of terrorism.我堅(jiān)決反對(duì)任何形式的恐怖主義。
tend
[tend]
v. 趨向,易于,照料,護(hù)理We all tend to like those similar to us.?我們都傾向于喜歡一些像我們的人。
screen
[skri:n]
n. 屏,幕,銀幕,屏風(fēng)v. 放映,選Many viewers have strong opinions about violence on the screen. 許多觀眾對(duì)影視暴力有強(qiáng)烈意見(jiàn)。
manipulate
[m?'n?pjulet]
vt. 操縱;操作;巧妙地處理;篡改A clever politician knows how to manipulate his supporters.機(jī)敏的政客懂得如何操縱自己的支持者。
Sound asleep
睡的香,酣睡。The baby is sound asleep. 嬰兒睡得正香。相關(guān)聯(lián)想: safe and sound安然無(wú)恙。The soldier came back from the war safe and sound. 戰(zhàn)士安然無(wú)恙的從戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)歸來(lái)了。

對(duì)于托福聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練材料——六十秒科學(xué)總結(jié):

這篇SSS的文本文章總體來(lái)說(shuō)還是比較容易理解的,沒(méi)有過(guò)于生僻的詞匯和專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ),相信每一位托兒都可以在看了第一遍之后就把握住它的中心大意。楠楠老師在這里提醒一下托兒們,平時(shí)在做精聽(tīng)練習(xí)的時(shí)候,一定不忘分析文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu),因?yàn)橥v座的考點(diǎn)就分布在這些起承轉(zhuǎn)合上面,分析文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)可以幫助托兒更加深刻的理解講座內(nèi)容,抓住考點(diǎn),達(dá)到事半功倍的效果。比如這篇文章,一開(kāi)始就提出一個(gè)新實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,然后用了兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)佐證了這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的發(fā)現(xiàn)。第一個(gè)是用金錢(qián)做實(shí)驗(yàn),接下來(lái)用貓咪的叫聲做實(shí)驗(yàn),研究人們對(duì)于不同的價(jià)值的不同的記憶;第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究人們?cè)谒X(jué)時(shí)和醒著時(shí)的記憶力是否有所不同,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候還是會(huì)復(fù)習(xí)醒著時(shí)的知識(shí)或信息的。這是不是正好的解釋了我們中國(guó)的一個(gè)諺語(yǔ)“日有所思,夜有所夢(mèng)”呢?不管如何,接下去托兒們?nèi)绻诒硢卧~的時(shí)候犯困了,不妨睡上一覺(jué),也許會(huì)在睡夢(mèng)中把單詞記住了呢——!下次見(jiàn)——環(huán)球托福祝你好夢(mèng)!

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