新概念英語語法：并列句大解析

知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：

1. 并列句：由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡單句并列連接起來的句子叫并列句。

2. 并列句的基本句型：簡單句 + 并列連詞 + 簡單句

3. 并列句的類型：

1) 并列關(guān)系（聯(lián)合關(guān)系）。

連接詞：and, not only…but (also), neither…nor等

例句：I help him and he helps me.

我?guī)椭?，他也幫助我?/p>

Not only did we write to her but also we telegraphed her.

我們不僅給她寫信而且還給她發(fā)了電報(bào)。

Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice.

我不想與他商量，他也不會(huì)征求我的意見。

2) 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

連接詞：but, yet, still, while, however, when等

例句：He failed many times, but he didn’t despair.

他失敗多次但并沒有氣餒。

She has difficulty in learning English, however, she works hard and is making rapid progress.

她學(xué)習(xí)英語有困難，然后她學(xué)習(xí)努力，進(jìn)步很快。

3) 選擇關(guān)系。

連接詞：or, otherwise or else, either…or

例句：We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train.

我們必須快點(diǎn)，否則會(huì)趕不上火車。

Either you come to my place or I go to yours.

或者你到我這兒來，或者我到你那去。

4) 因果關(guān)系。

連接詞：for, so, thus, therefore, and so

例句：We had better stay at home, for it was raining.

我們好呆在家里，因?yàn)樘煺谙掠辍?/p>

He didn’t work hard, therefore he failed in the examination.

他學(xué)習(xí)不努力，因此這次考試不及格。

有時(shí)也可不用連詞，而用逗號(hào)，分號(hào)或冒號(hào)。如：

Hurry up, it’s getting dark.

快點(diǎn)，天要黑了。

Let’s start early, we have a long way to go.

我們要早動(dòng)身，因?yàn)槁泛苓h(yuǎn)。

注意：

(1) yet和still是連接副詞，也叫半連接詞。它們是副詞。又起連接作用，但不如and, but, or等強(qiáng)，用了yet或still，前面還可加and或but。

He is tired, (but) still he will make another experiment. 他很累，但他仍然要做另一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。

I got up very early, (and) yet I failed to catch the first bus. 我起得很早，然而還是沒有趕上頭班車。

(2) while意義相當(dāng)于at the same time表示相反和對(duì)照，常用來連接兩個(gè)意義對(duì)立的分句。

I like football, while my sister likes basketball. 我喜歡足球，而我姐姐喜歡籃球。

when = and then, just then或at that time, during the time.

We were ready to rush away, when the snake moved. 我們正準(zhǔn)備離開，這時(shí)蛇移動(dòng)了。

while和when作為并列連詞使用時(shí)常是放在第二個(gè)分句前邊，并有逗號(hào)和第一分句隔開。

(3) for表示附加或推斷的理由、原因。therefore比so更正式，and so比較口語化。

專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練：

1.Some are reading magazines,______ others are playing cards.

A．or B．for C．so D．while

2.We must get up early tomorrow.______ we’ll miss the first bus to the Great Wall.

A．so B．or C．but D．however

3.——I don’t like chicken ______ fish.

——I don’t like chicken,______ I like fish very much.

A．a(chǎn)nd, and B．a(chǎn)nd, but C．or, and D．or, but

4.We want ______ high speed ______ good quality.

A．both, and B．either, or C．neither, nor D．not, but also

5.In spring it is ______ hot ______ cold here.

A．both, and B．either, or C．neither, nor D．not only, but

6.______ does he writes well, ______ he also speaks well.

A．Not only, but B．Not, but C．Either, or D．Both, and

7.Use your head, ______ you’ll work it out.

A．so B．or C．a(chǎn)nd D．for

8.I want to buy the jacket, ______ I have not enough money with me.

A．but B．so C．or D．for

9.______ you ______ I am going to help Tom.

A. Either, or B. Not, but C．Not only, and D．Each, and

10.The soldier was wounded, ______ he pushed on.

A．for B．a(chǎn)nd C．so D．yet

KEYS:

1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.D